{"id":9502,"date":"2014-06-01T13:40:57","date_gmt":"2014-06-01T11:40:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/?p=9502"},"modified":"2025-11-05T00:51:43","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T22:51:43","slug":"%e7%bb%b4%e7%94%9f%e7%b4%a0e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/vitamine-e\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20 E\uff1a\u76ca\u5904\u3001\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u6765\u6e90\u548c\u8865\u5145\u5242"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>A quoi sert la <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/vitamines\/\">vitamine<\/a> E ?<\/strong> A-t-on besoin de se <strong>suppl\u00e9menter<\/strong> ? Dans quoi la trouve-t-on, et quels sont nos <strong>besoins en vitamine E<\/strong> ? Ce sont ces questions auxquelles nous allons r\u00e9pondre dans cet article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vitamin E: Benefits, Requirements, and Sources\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/iAV6RBqT6NM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\n<h2 id=\"definition-de-la-vitamine-e\">D\u00e9finition de la Vitamine E<\/h2>\n<p>La <strong>vitamine E<\/strong> est, \u00e0 l&rsquo;instar des <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/vitamines\/\">vitamines<\/a> A, D et K, une <strong>vitamine liposoluble<\/strong>, en ce sens qu&rsquo;elle est stock\u00e9e dans les tissus adipeux de l&rsquo;organisme. Elle est compos\u00e9e de quatre tocoph\u00e9rols et de quatre tocotri\u00e9nols.<\/p>\n<p>La vitamine E a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couverte en 1924 et est reconnue en 1968 comme \u00e9l\u00e9ment nutritif pour l&rsquo;homme. <strong>On la trouve principalement dans les aliments gras<\/strong>, ce qui en fait une vitamine abondante dans le cadre d&rsquo;un r\u00e9gime au moins \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9quilibr\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb entre les trois <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/macronutriments\/\">macronutriments<\/a>, et dans le cadre \u00e9videmment d&rsquo;une alimentation riche en <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/lipides\/\">lipides<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"role-et-bienfaits-de-la-vitamine-e\">R\u00f4le et bienfaits de la vitamine E<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"un-role-antioxydant\">Un r\u00f4le antioxydant<\/h3>\n<p>Le principal r\u00f4le de la vitamine E est celui d&rsquo;\u00eatre un puissant <strong>antioxydant<\/strong> dont la principale fonction est de prot\u00e9ger le corps des dommages caus\u00e9s aux cellules.<\/p><div id=\"bloon-2019996916\" class=\"bloon-vers-le-haut bloon-entity-placement\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 5px; margin: 40px auto;; max-width: 600px; background: #effaff; border-radius: 0; box-shadow: 0px 0px 48px 0px rgb(0 0 0 \/ 15%);\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Ce contenu fait partie du <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/guide\/\">guide Blooness, le guide de l&rsquo;alimentation humaine id\u00e9ale, dont vous retrouverez le sommaire ici<\/a> <\/em>\ud83c\udf31\ud83e\udd51<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>L&rsquo;organisme produit continuellement des <strong>radicaux libres<\/strong>, compos\u00e9s tr\u00e8s r\u00e9actifs comportant des \u00e9lectrons c\u00e9libataires. Les radicaux libres endommagent par exemple les <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/proteines\/\">prot\u00e9ines<\/a>, les lipides ou l&rsquo;ADN, et ces r\u00e9actions se propagent en cha\u00eene, puisque les mol\u00e9cules d\u00e9stabilis\u00e9es par un \u00e9lectron c\u00e9libataire deviennent \u00e0 leur tour des radicaux libres.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-9509\" src=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/anti-oxydant-1024x668.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"665\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/anti-oxydant-1024x668.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/anti-oxydant-300x196.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/anti-oxydant-768x501.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/anti-oxydant-600x391.jpg 600w, https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/anti-oxydant.jpg 1300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Les antioxydants ont alors pour r\u00f4le de stopper ce processus en neutralisant les radicaux libres, pour r\u00e9duire leur nocivit\u00e9. Ainsi, la vitamine E a la capacit\u00e9 de capter et de stabiliser (par r\u00e9sonance) l&rsquo;\u00e9lectron c\u00e9libataire des radicaux libres.<\/p>\n<p>La vitamine E joue principalement son r\u00f4le d&rsquo;antioxydant dans les membranes biologiques. Les <strong>mitochondries<\/strong>, qui sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrices de radicaux libres, <strong>contiennent de forts taux de vitamine E dans leur membrane lipidique<\/strong>, constitu\u00e9e d&rsquo;acides-gras polyinsatur\u00e9s et soumis au stress oxydant.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"un-role-dans-le-renforcement-du-systeme-immunitaire-des-personnes-agees\">Un r\u00f4le dans le renforcement du syst\u00e8me immunitaire des personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es<\/h3>\n<p>En outre, plusieurs essais cliniques montrent <strong>qu&rsquo;\u00e0 partir de 100 mg par jour<\/strong>, les suppl\u00e9ments de vitamine E peuvent <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18596135\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">am\u00e9liorer la r\u00e9ponse immunitaire des personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es<\/a>. Par ailleurs, la vitamine E pourrait retarder l&rsquo;\u00e9volution de la cataracte et de la d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence maculaire li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge. Elle pourrait m\u00eame ralentir la progression de la maladie d&rsquo;Alzheimer, voire de la maladie de Parkinson.<\/p><div id=\"bloon-2964115579\" class=\"bloon-milieu bloon-entity-placement\" style=\"margin-top: 60px;margin-bottom: 60px;\"><div id=\"mc_embed_shell\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n        #mc_embed_signup {background:#FCF2D9 !important; clear:left; font:14px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; width: 100%; max-width: 600px; padding: 10px; margin: 0 auto; border-radius: 14px; box-shadow: 0 10px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);}<br \/>\n        \/* Add your own Mailchimp form style overrides in your site stylesheet or in this style block.<br \/>\n           We recommend moving this block and the preceding CSS link to the HEAD of your HTML file. *\/<br \/>\n<\/style>\n<div id=\"mc_embed_signup\">\n<form id=\"mc-embedded-subscribe-form\" class=\"validate\" action=\"https:\/\/blooness.us5.list-manage.com\/subscribe\/post?u=ec27c990eae905b01715293f2&amp;id=1e222aeab1&amp;f_id=004346edf0\" 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Array();fnames[0]='EMAIL';ftypes[0]='email';fnames[5]='LANGPREF';ftypes[5]='dropdown';fnames[1]='FNAME';ftypes[1]='text';fnames[2]='LNAME';ftypes[2]='text';fnames[3]='ADDRESS';ftypes[3]='address';fnames[4]='PHONE';ftypes[4]='phone';fnames[6]='MMERGE6';ftypes[6]='date';fnames[8]='PMPLEVELID';ftypes[8]='number';fnames[9]='PMPALLIDS';ftypes[9]='text';fnames[10]='PMPLEVEL';ftypes[10]='text';fnames[11]='MMERGE11';ftypes[11]='date';\/*\n * Translated default messages for the $ validation plugin.\n * Locale: FR\n *\/\n$.extend($.validator.messages, {\n        required: \"Ce champ est requis.\",\n        remote: \"Veuillez remplir ce champ pour continuer.\",\n        email: \"Veuillez entrer une adresse email valide.\",\n        url: \"Veuillez entrer une URL valide.\",\n        date: \"Veuillez entrer une date valide.\",\n        dateISO: \"Veuillez entrer une date valide (ISO).\",\n        number: \"Veuillez entrer un nombre valide.\",\n        digits: \"Veuillez entrer (seulement) une valeur num\u00e9rique.\",\n        creditcard: \"Veuillez entrer un num\u00e9ro de carte de cr\u00e9dit valide.\",\n        equalTo: \"Veuillez entrer une nouvelle fois la m\u00eame valeur.\",\n        accept: \"Veuillez entrer une valeur avec une extension valide.\",\n        maxlength: $.validator.format(\"Veuillez ne pas entrer plus de {0} caract\u00e8res.\"),\n        minlength: $.validator.format(\"Veuillez entrer au moins {0} caract\u00e8res.\"),\n        rangelength: $.validator.format(\"Veuillez entrer entre {0} et {1} caract\u00e8res.\"),\n        range: $.validator.format(\"Veuillez entrer une valeur entre {0} et {1}.\"),\n        max: $.validator.format(\"Veuillez entrer une valeur inf\u00e9rieure ou \u00e9gale \u00e0 {0}.\"),\n        min: $.validator.format(\"Veuillez entrer une valeur sup\u00e9rieure ou \u00e9gale \u00e0 {0}.\")\n});}(jQuery));var $mcj = jQuery.noConflict(true);\n    \/\/ SMS Phone Multi-Country Functionality\n    if(!window.MC) {\n      window.MC = {};\n    }\n    window.MC.smsPhoneData = {\n      defaultCountryCode: 'FR',\n      programs: [],\n      smsProgramDataCountryNames: []\n    };<\/p>\n<p>    function getCountryUnicodeFlag(countryCode) {\n       return countryCode.toUpperCase().replace(\/.\/g, (char) => String.fromCodePoint(char.charCodeAt(0) + 127397))\n    };<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ HTML sanitization function to prevent XSS\n    function sanitizeHtml(str) {\n      if (typeof str !== 'string') return '';\n      return str\n        .replace(\/&#038;\/g, '&amp;')\n        .replace(\/<\/g, '&lt;') .replace(\/>\/g, '&gt;')\n        .replace(\/\"\/g, '&quot;')\n        .replace(\/'\/g, '&#x27;')\n        .replace(\/\/\/g, '&#x2F;');\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ URL sanitization function to prevent javascript: and data: URLs\n    function sanitizeUrl(url) {\n      if (typeof url !== 'string') return '';\n      const trimmedUrl = url.trim().toLowerCase();\n      if (trimmedUrl.startsWith('javascript:') || trimmedUrl.startsWith('data:') || trimmedUrl.startsWith('vbscript:')) {\n        return '#';\n      }\n      return url;\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    const getBrowserLanguage = () => {\n      if (!window?.navigator?.language?.split('-')[1]) {\n        return window?.navigator?.language?.toUpperCase();\n      }\n      return window?.navigator?.language?.split('-')[1];\n    };<\/p>\n<p>    function getDefaultCountryProgram(defaultCountryCode, smsProgramData) {\n      if (!smsProgramData || smsProgramData.length === 0) {\n        return null;\n      }<\/p>\n<p>      const browserLanguage = getBrowserLanguage();<\/p>\n<p>      if (browserLanguage) {\n        const foundProgram = smsProgramData.find(\n          (program) => program?.countryCode === browserLanguage,\n        );\n        if (foundProgram) {\n          return foundProgram;\n        }\n      }<\/p>\n<p>      if (defaultCountryCode) {\n        const foundProgram = smsProgramData.find(\n          (program) => program?.countryCode === defaultCountryCode,\n        );\n      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target=\"(.*?)\">(.*?)<\/a>');<\/p>\n<p>      const template = program.requiredTemplate.replace(divRegex, '');<\/p>\n<p>      legalTextElement.textContent = '';\n      const parts = template.split(\/(<a href=\".*?\" target=\".*?\">.*?<\/a>)\/g);\n      parts.forEach(function(part) {\n        if (!part) {\n          return;\n        }\n        const anchorMatch = part.match(\/<a href=\"(.*?)\" target=\"(.*?)\">(.*?)<\/a>\/);\n        if (anchorMatch) {\n          const linkElement = document.createElement('a');\n          linkElement.href = sanitizeUrl(anchorMatch[1]);\n          linkElement.target = sanitizeHtml(anchorMatch[2]);\n          linkElement.textContent = sanitizeHtml(anchorMatch[3]);\n          legalTextElement.appendChild(linkElement);\n        } else {\n          legalTextElement.appendChild(document.createTextNode(part));\n        }\n      });<\/p>\n<p>    }<\/p>\n<p>    function generateDropdownOptions(smsProgramData) {\n      if (!smsProgramData || smsProgramData.length === 0) {\n        return '';\n      }<\/p>\n<p>      return smsProgramData.map(program => {\n        const flag = getCountryUnicodeFlag(program.countryCode);\n        const countryName = getCountryName(program.countryCode);\n        const callingCode = program.countryCallingCode || '';\n        \/\/ Sanitize all values to prevent XSS\n        const sanitizedCountryCode = sanitizeHtml(program.countryCode || '');\n        const sanitizedCountryName = sanitizeHtml(countryName || '');\n        const sanitizedCallingCode = sanitizeHtml(callingCode || '');\n        return '<option value=\"' + sanitizedCountryCode + '\">' + sanitizedCountryName + ' ' + sanitizedCallingCode + '<\/option>';\n      }).join('');\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    function getCountryName(countryCode) {\n      if (window.MC?.smsPhoneData?.smsProgramDataCountryNames &#038;& Array.isArray(window.MC.smsPhoneData.smsProgramDataCountryNames)) {\n        for (let i = 0; i < window.MC.smsPhoneData.smsProgramDataCountryNames.length; i++) {\n          if (window.MC.smsPhoneData.smsProgramDataCountryNames[i].code === countryCode) {\n            return window.MC.smsPhoneData.smsProgramDataCountryNames[i].name;\n          }\n        }\n      }\n      return countryCode;\n    }\n\n    function getDefaultPlaceholder(countryCode) {\n      if (!countryCode || typeof countryCode !== 'string') {\n        return '+1 000 000 0000'; \/\/ Default US placeholder\n      }\n      \n            var mockPlaceholders = [\n        {\n          countryCode: 'US',\n          placeholder: '+1 000 000 0000',\n          helpText: 'Include the US country code +1 before the phone number',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'GB',\n          placeholder: '+44 0000 000000',\n          helpText: 'Include the GB country code +44 before the phone number',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'CA',\n          placeholder: '+1 000 000 0000',\n          helpText: 'Include the CA country code +1 before the phone number',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'AU',\n          placeholder: '+61 000 000 000',\n          helpText: 'Include the AU country code +61 before the phone number',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'DE',\n          placeholder: '+49 000 0000000',\n          helpText: 'F\u00fcgen Sie vor der Telefonnummer die DE-L\u00e4ndervorwahl +49 ein',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'FR',\n          placeholder: '+33 0 00 00 00 00',\n          helpText: 'Incluez le code pays FR +33 avant le num\u00e9ro de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'ES',\n          placeholder: '+34 000 000 000',\n          helpText: 'Incluya el c\u00f3digo de pa\u00eds ES +34 antes del n\u00famero de tel\u00e9fono',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'NL',\n          placeholder: '+31 0 00000000',\n          helpText: 'Voeg de NL-landcode +31 toe v\u00f3\u00f3r het telefoonnummer',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'BE',\n          placeholder: '+32 000 00 00 00',\n          helpText: 'Incluez le code pays BE +32 avant le num\u00e9ro de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'CH',\n          placeholder: '+41 00 000 00 00',\n          helpText: 'F\u00fcgen Sie vor der Telefonnummer die CH-L\u00e4ndervorwahl +41 ein',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'AT',\n          placeholder: '+43 000 000 0000',\n          helpText: 'F\u00fcgen Sie vor der Telefonnummer die AT-L\u00e4ndervorwahl +43 ein',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'IE',\n          placeholder: '+353 00 000 0000',\n          helpText: 'Include the IE country code +353 before the phone number',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'IT',\n          placeholder: '+39 000 000 0000',\n          helpText: 'Includere il prefisso internazionale IT +39 prima del numero di telefono',\n        },\n      ];\n\n      const selectedPlaceholder = mockPlaceholders.find(function(item) {\n        return item &#038;&#038; item.countryCode === countryCode;\n      });\n      \n      return selectedPlaceholder ? selectedPlaceholder.placeholder : mockPlaceholders[0].placeholder;\n    }\n\n    function updatePlaceholder(countryCode, fieldName) {\n      if (!countryCode || !fieldName) {\n        return;\n      }\n      \n      const phoneInput = document.querySelector('#mce-' + fieldName);\n      if (!phoneInput) {\n        return;\n      }\n      \n      const placeholder = getDefaultPlaceholder(countryCode);\n      if (placeholder) {\n        phoneInput.placeholder = placeholder;\n      }\n    }\n\n    function updateCountryCodeInstruction(countryCode, fieldName) {\n      updatePlaceholder(countryCode, fieldName);\n      \n    }\n\n    function getDefaultHelpText(countryCode) {\n      var mockPlaceholders = [\n        {\n          countryCode: 'US',\n          placeholder: '+1 000 000 0000',\n          helpText: 'Include the US country code +1 before the phone number',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'GB',\n          placeholder: '+44 0000 000000',\n          helpText: 'Include the GB country code +44 before the phone number',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'CA',\n          placeholder: '+1 000 000 0000',\n          helpText: 'Include the CA country code +1 before the phone number',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'AU',\n          placeholder: '+61 000 000 000',\n          helpText: 'Include the AU country code +61 before the phone number',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'DE',\n          placeholder: '+49 000 0000000',\n          helpText: 'F\u00fcgen Sie vor der Telefonnummer die DE-L\u00e4ndervorwahl +49 ein',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'FR',\n          placeholder: '+33 0 00 00 00 00',\n          helpText: 'Incluez le code pays FR +33 avant le num\u00e9ro de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'ES',\n          placeholder: '+34 000 000 000',\n          helpText: 'Incluya el c\u00f3digo de pa\u00eds ES +34 antes del n\u00famero de tel\u00e9fono',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'NL',\n          placeholder: '+31 0 00000000',\n          helpText: 'Voeg de NL-landcode +31 toe v\u00f3\u00f3r het telefoonnummer',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'BE',\n          placeholder: '+32 000 00 00 00',\n          helpText: 'Incluez le code pays BE +32 avant le num\u00e9ro de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'CH',\n          placeholder: '+41 00 000 00 00',\n          helpText: 'F\u00fcgen Sie vor der Telefonnummer die CH-L\u00e4ndervorwahl +41 ein',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'AT',\n          placeholder: '+43 000 000 0000',\n          helpText: 'F\u00fcgen Sie vor der Telefonnummer die AT-L\u00e4ndervorwahl +43 ein',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'IE',\n          placeholder: '+353 00 000 0000',\n          helpText: 'Include the IE country code +353 before the phone number',\n        },\n        {\n          countryCode: 'IT',\n          placeholder: '+39 000 000 0000',\n          helpText: 'Includere il prefisso internazionale IT +39 prima del numero di telefono',\n        },\n      ];\n      \n      if (!countryCode || typeof countryCode !== 'string') {\n        return mockPlaceholders[0].helpText;\n      }\n      \n      const selectedHelpText = mockPlaceholders.find(function(item) {\n          return item &#038;&#038; item.countryCode === countryCode;\n        });\n        \n        return selectedHelpText ? selectedHelpText.helpText : mockPlaceholders[0].helpText;\n    }\n\n    function setDefaultHelpText(countryCode) {\n      const helpTextSpan = document.querySelector('#help-text');\n      if (!helpTextSpan) {\n        return;\n      }\n\n        \n    }\n\n    function updateHelpTextCountryCode(countryCode, fieldName) {\n      if (!countryCode || !fieldName) {\n        return;\n      }\n      \n      setDefaultHelpText(countryCode);\n    }\n\n    function initializeSmsPhoneDropdown(fieldName) {\n      if (!fieldName || typeof fieldName !== 'string') {\n        return;\n      }\n      \n      const dropdown = document.querySelector('#country-select-' + fieldName);\n      const displayFlag = document.querySelector('#flag-display-' + fieldName);\n      \n      if (!dropdown || !displayFlag) {\n        return;\n      }\n\n      const smsPhoneData = window.MC?.smsPhoneData;\n      if (smsPhoneData &#038;&#038; smsPhoneData.programs &#038;&#038; Array.isArray(smsPhoneData.programs)) {\n        dropdown.innerHTML = generateDropdownOptions(smsPhoneData.programs);\n      }\n\n      const defaultProgram = getDefaultCountryProgram(smsPhoneData?.defaultCountryCode, smsPhoneData?.programs);\n      if (defaultProgram &#038;&#038; defaultProgram.countryCode) {\n        dropdown.value = defaultProgram.countryCode;\n        \n        const flagSpan = displayFlag?.querySelector('#flag-emoji-' + fieldName);\n        if (flagSpan) {\n          flagSpan.textContent = getCountryUnicodeFlag(defaultProgram.countryCode);\n          flagSpan.setAttribute('aria-label', sanitizeHtml(defaultProgram.countryCode) + ' flag');\n        }\n        \n        updateSmsLegalText(defaultProgram.countryCode, fieldName);\n        updatePlaceholder(defaultProgram.countryCode, fieldName);\n        updateCountryCodeInstruction(defaultProgram.countryCode, fieldName);\n      }\n\n     \n      var smsNotRequiredRemoveCountryCodeEnabled = true;\n      var smsField = Object.values({\"EMAIL\":{\"name\":\"EMAIL\",\"label\":\"Adresse mail\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"email\",\"required\":true,\"audience_field_name\":\"Adresse mail\",\"merge_id\":0,\"help_text_enabled\":false,\"enabled\":true,\"order\":0,\"field_type\":\"merge\"},\"LANGPREF\":{\"name\":\"LANGPREF\",\"label\":\"Langue de la Newsletter\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"dropdown\",\"required\":true,\"audience_field_name\":\"Langue de la Newsletter\",\"choices\":[{\"value\":\"Fran\u00e7ais\",\"label\":\"Fran\u00e7ais\"},{\"value\":\"English\",\"label\":\"English\"}],\"merge_id\":5,\"help_text_enabled\":false,\"enabled\":true,\"order\":1,\"field_type\":\"merge\"},\"FNAME\":{\"name\":\"FNAME\",\"label\":\"Pr\u00e9nom\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"text\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"Pr\u00e9nom\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":1},\"LNAME\":{\"name\":\"LNAME\",\"label\":\"Nom\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"text\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"Nom\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":2},\"ADDRESS\":{\"name\":\"ADDRESS\",\"label\":\"Addresse de livraison\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"address\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"Addresse de livraison\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":3,\"countries\":{\"2\":\"Albania\",\"3\":\"Algeria\",\"4\":\"Andorra\",\"5\":\"Angola\",\"6\":\"Argentina\",\"7\":\"Armenia\",\"8\":\"Australia\",\"9\":\"Austria\",\"10\":\"Azerbaijan\",\"11\":\"Bahamas\",\"12\":\"Bahrain\",\"13\":\"Bangladesh\",\"14\":\"Barbados\",\"15\":\"Belarus\",\"16\":\"Belgium\",\"17\":\"Belize\",\"18\":\"Benin\",\"19\":\"Bermuda\",\"20\":\"Bhutan\",\"21\":\"Bolivia\",\"22\":\"Bosnia and Herzegovina\",\"23\":\"Botswana\",\"24\":\"Brazil\",\"25\":\"Bulgaria\",\"26\":\"Burkina Faso\",\"27\":\"Burundi\",\"28\":\"Cambodia\",\"29\":\"Cameroon\",\"30\":\"Canada\",\"31\":\"Cape Verde\",\"32\":\"Cayman Islands\",\"33\":\"Central African Republic\",\"34\":\"Chad\",\"35\":\"Chile\",\"36\":\"China\",\"37\":\"Colombia\",\"38\":\"Congo\",\"40\":\"Croatia\",\"41\":\"Cyprus\",\"42\":\"Czech Republic\",\"43\":\"Denmark\",\"44\":\"Djibouti\",\"45\":\"Ecuador\",\"46\":\"Egypt\",\"47\":\"El Salvador\",\"48\":\"Equatorial Guinea\",\"49\":\"Eritrea\",\"50\":\"Estonia\",\"51\":\"Ethiopia\",\"52\":\"Fiji\",\"53\":\"Finland\",\"54\":\"France\",\"56\":\"Gabon\",\"57\":\"Gambia\",\"58\":\"Georgia\",\"59\":\"Germany\",\"60\":\"Ghana\",\"61\":\"Greece\",\"62\":\"Guam\",\"63\":\"Guinea\",\"64\":\"Guinea-Bissau\",\"65\":\"Guyana\",\"66\":\"Honduras\",\"67\":\"Hong Kong\",\"68\":\"Hungary\",\"69\":\"Iceland\",\"70\":\"India\",\"71\":\"Indonesia\",\"74\":\"Ireland\",\"75\":\"Israel\",\"76\":\"Italy\",\"78\":\"Japan\",\"79\":\"Jordan\",\"80\":\"Kazakhstan\",\"81\":\"Kenya\",\"82\":\"Kuwait\",\"83\":\"Kyrgyzstan\",\"84\":\"Lao People's Democratic Republic\",\"85\":\"Latvia\",\"86\":\"Lebanon\",\"87\":\"Lesotho\",\"88\":\"Liberia\",\"90\":\"Liechtenstein\",\"91\":\"Lithuania\",\"92\":\"Luxembourg\",\"93\":\"Macedonia\",\"94\":\"Madagascar\",\"95\":\"Malawi\",\"96\":\"Malaysia\",\"97\":\"Maldives\",\"98\":\"Mali\",\"99\":\"Malta\",\"100\":\"Mauritania\",\"101\":\"Mexico\",\"102\":\"Moldova\",\"103\":\"Monaco\",\"104\":\"Mongolia\",\"105\":\"Morocco\",\"106\":\"Mozambique\",\"107\":\"Namibia\",\"108\":\"Nepal\",\"109\":\"Netherlands\",\"110\":\"Netherlands Antilles\",\"111\":\"New Zealand\",\"112\":\"Nicaragua\",\"113\":\"Niger\",\"114\":\"Nigeria\",\"116\":\"Norway\",\"117\":\"Oman\",\"118\":\"Pakistan\",\"119\":\"Panama\",\"120\":\"Paraguay\",\"121\":\"Peru\",\"122\":\"Philippines\",\"123\":\"Poland\",\"124\":\"Portugal\",\"126\":\"Qatar\",\"127\":\"Reunion\",\"128\":\"Romania\",\"129\":\"Russia\",\"130\":\"Rwanda\",\"132\":\"Samoa (Independent)\",\"133\":\"Saudi Arabia\",\"134\":\"Senegal\",\"135\":\"Seychelles\",\"136\":\"Sierra Leone\",\"137\":\"Singapore\",\"138\":\"Slovakia\",\"139\":\"Slovenia\",\"140\":\"Somalia\",\"141\":\"South Africa\",\"142\":\"South Korea\",\"143\":\"Spain\",\"144\":\"Sri Lanka\",\"146\":\"Suriname\",\"147\":\"Swaziland\",\"148\":\"Sweden\",\"149\":\"Switzerland\",\"152\":\"Taiwan\",\"153\":\"Tanzania\",\"154\":\"Thailand\",\"155\":\"Togo\",\"156\":\"Tunisia\",\"157\":\"Turkiye\",\"158\":\"Turkmenistan\",\"159\":\"Uganda\",\"161\":\"Ukraine\",\"162\":\"United Arab Emirates\",\"163\":\"Uruguay\",\"164\":\"USA\",\"165\":\"Uzbekistan\",\"166\":\"Vatican City State (Holy See)\",\"167\":\"Venezuela\",\"168\":\"Vietnam\",\"169\":\"Virgin Islands (British)\",\"170\":\"Yemen\",\"173\":\"Zambia\",\"174\":\"Zimbabwe\",\"175\":\"Antigua And Barbuda\",\"176\":\"Anguilla\",\"178\":\"American Samoa\",\"179\":\"Aruba\",\"180\":\"Brunei Darussalam\",\"181\":\"Bouvet Island\",\"183\":\"Cook Islands\",\"185\":\"Christmas Island\",\"187\":\"Dominican Republic\",\"188\":\"Western Sahara\",\"189\":\"Falkland Islands\",\"191\":\"Faroe Islands\",\"192\":\"Grenada\",\"193\":\"French Guiana\",\"194\":\"Gibraltar\",\"195\":\"Greenland\",\"196\":\"Guadeloupe\",\"198\":\"Guatemala\",\"200\":\"Haiti\",\"202\":\"Jamaica\",\"203\":\"Kiribati\",\"204\":\"Comoros\",\"205\":\"Saint Kitts and Nevis\",\"206\":\"Saint Lucia\",\"207\":\"Marshall Islands\",\"208\":\"Macau\",\"210\":\"Martinique\",\"212\":\"Mauritius\",\"213\":\"New Caledonia\",\"214\":\"Norfolk Island\",\"215\":\"Nauru\",\"217\":\"Niue\",\"219\":\"Papua New Guinea\",\"221\":\"Pitcairn\",\"222\":\"Palau\",\"223\":\"Solomon Islands\",\"225\":\"Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands\",\"227\":\"San Marino\",\"232\":\"Tonga\",\"233\":\"Timor-Leste\",\"234\":\"Trinidad and Tobago\",\"235\":\"Tuvalu\",\"237\":\"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\",\"238\":\"Virgin Islands (U.S.)\",\"239\":\"Vanuatu\",\"241\":\"Mayotte\",\"242\":\"Myanmar\",\"255\":\"Sao Tome and Principe\",\"257\":\"South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands\",\"260\":\"Tajikistan\",\"262\":\"United Kingdom\",\"268\":\"Costa Rica\",\"270\":\"Guernsey\",\"272\":\"North Korea\",\"274\":\"Afghanistan\",\"275\":\"Cote D'Ivoire\",\"276\":\"Cuba\",\"277\":\"French Polynesia\",\"278\":\"Iran\",\"279\":\"Iraq\",\"281\":\"Libya\",\"282\":\"Palestine\",\"285\":\"Syria\",\"286\":\"Aaland Islands\",\"287\":\"Turks &#038; Caicos Islands\",\"288\":\"Jersey  (Channel Islands)\",\"289\":\"Dominica\",\"290\":\"Montenegro\",\"293\":\"Sudan\",\"294\":\"Montserrat\",\"298\":\"Curacao\",\"302\":\"Sint Maarten\",\"311\":\"South Sudan\",\"315\":\"Republic of Kosovo\",\"318\":\"Congo, Democratic Republic of the\",\"323\":\"Isle of Man\",\"324\":\"Saint Martin\",\"325\":\"Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and Saba\",\"326\":\"Serbia\"},\"defaultcountry\":164},\"PHONE\":{\"name\":\"PHONE\",\"label\":\"Num\u00e9ro de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"phone\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"Num\u00e9ro de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone\",\"phoneformat\":\"none\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":4},\"MMERGE6\":{\"name\":\"MMERGE6\",\"label\":\"LAST_CHANGED\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"date\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"LAST_CHANGED\",\"dateformat\":\"MM\/DD\/YYYY\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":6},\"PMPLEVELID\":{\"name\":\"PMPLEVELID\",\"label\":\"PMPLEVELID\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"number\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"PMPLEVELID\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":8},\"PMPALLIDS\":{\"name\":\"PMPALLIDS\",\"label\":\"PMPALLIDS\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"text\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"PMPALLIDS\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":9},\"PMPLEVEL\":{\"name\":\"PMPLEVEL\",\"label\":\"PMPLEVEL\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"text\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"PMPLEVEL\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":10},\"MMERGE11\":{\"name\":\"MMERGE11\",\"label\":\"LAST_CHANGED\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"date\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"LAST_CHANGED\",\"dateformat\":\"MM\/DD\/YYYY\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":11}}).find(function(f) { return f.name === fieldName &#038;&#038; f.type === 'smsphone'; });\n      var isRequired = smsField ? smsField.required : false;\n      var shouldAppendCountryCode = smsNotRequiredRemoveCountryCodeEnabled ? isRequired : true;\n      \n      var phoneInput = document.querySelector('#mce-' + fieldName);\n      if (phoneInput &#038;&#038; defaultProgram.countryCallingCode &#038;&#038; shouldAppendCountryCode) {\n        phoneInput.value = defaultProgram.countryCallingCode;\n      }\n      \n\n\n      displayFlag?.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n        dropdown.focus();\n      });\n\n\n      dropdown?.addEventListener('change', function() {\n        const selectedCountry = this.value;\n        \n        if (!selectedCountry || typeof selectedCountry !== 'string') {\n          return;\n        }\n        \n        const flagSpan = displayFlag?.querySelector('#flag-emoji-' + fieldName);\n        if (flagSpan) {\n          flagSpan.textContent = getCountryUnicodeFlag(selectedCountry);\n          flagSpan.setAttribute('aria-label', sanitizeHtml(selectedCountry) + ' flag');\n        }\n\n         \n        const selectedProgram = window.MC?.smsPhoneData?.programs.find(function(program) {\n          return program &#038;&#038; program.countryCode === selectedCountry;\n        });\n\n        var smsNotRequiredRemoveCountryCodeEnabled = true;\n        var smsField = Object.values({\"EMAIL\":{\"name\":\"EMAIL\",\"label\":\"Adresse mail\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"email\",\"required\":true,\"audience_field_name\":\"Adresse mail\",\"merge_id\":0,\"help_text_enabled\":false,\"enabled\":true,\"order\":0,\"field_type\":\"merge\"},\"LANGPREF\":{\"name\":\"LANGPREF\",\"label\":\"Langue de la Newsletter\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"dropdown\",\"required\":true,\"audience_field_name\":\"Langue de la Newsletter\",\"choices\":[{\"value\":\"Fran\u00e7ais\",\"label\":\"Fran\u00e7ais\"},{\"value\":\"English\",\"label\":\"English\"}],\"merge_id\":5,\"help_text_enabled\":false,\"enabled\":true,\"order\":1,\"field_type\":\"merge\"},\"FNAME\":{\"name\":\"FNAME\",\"label\":\"Pr\u00e9nom\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"text\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"Pr\u00e9nom\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":1},\"LNAME\":{\"name\":\"LNAME\",\"label\":\"Nom\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"text\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"Nom\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":2},\"ADDRESS\":{\"name\":\"ADDRESS\",\"label\":\"Addresse de livraison\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"address\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"Addresse de livraison\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":3,\"countries\":{\"2\":\"Albania\",\"3\":\"Algeria\",\"4\":\"Andorra\",\"5\":\"Angola\",\"6\":\"Argentina\",\"7\":\"Armenia\",\"8\":\"Australia\",\"9\":\"Austria\",\"10\":\"Azerbaijan\",\"11\":\"Bahamas\",\"12\":\"Bahrain\",\"13\":\"Bangladesh\",\"14\":\"Barbados\",\"15\":\"Belarus\",\"16\":\"Belgium\",\"17\":\"Belize\",\"18\":\"Benin\",\"19\":\"Bermuda\",\"20\":\"Bhutan\",\"21\":\"Bolivia\",\"22\":\"Bosnia and Herzegovina\",\"23\":\"Botswana\",\"24\":\"Brazil\",\"25\":\"Bulgaria\",\"26\":\"Burkina Faso\",\"27\":\"Burundi\",\"28\":\"Cambodia\",\"29\":\"Cameroon\",\"30\":\"Canada\",\"31\":\"Cape Verde\",\"32\":\"Cayman Islands\",\"33\":\"Central African Republic\",\"34\":\"Chad\",\"35\":\"Chile\",\"36\":\"China\",\"37\":\"Colombia\",\"38\":\"Congo\",\"40\":\"Croatia\",\"41\":\"Cyprus\",\"42\":\"Czech Republic\",\"43\":\"Denmark\",\"44\":\"Djibouti\",\"45\":\"Ecuador\",\"46\":\"Egypt\",\"47\":\"El Salvador\",\"48\":\"Equatorial Guinea\",\"49\":\"Eritrea\",\"50\":\"Estonia\",\"51\":\"Ethiopia\",\"52\":\"Fiji\",\"53\":\"Finland\",\"54\":\"France\",\"56\":\"Gabon\",\"57\":\"Gambia\",\"58\":\"Georgia\",\"59\":\"Germany\",\"60\":\"Ghana\",\"61\":\"Greece\",\"62\":\"Guam\",\"63\":\"Guinea\",\"64\":\"Guinea-Bissau\",\"65\":\"Guyana\",\"66\":\"Honduras\",\"67\":\"Hong Kong\",\"68\":\"Hungary\",\"69\":\"Iceland\",\"70\":\"India\",\"71\":\"Indonesia\",\"74\":\"Ireland\",\"75\":\"Israel\",\"76\":\"Italy\",\"78\":\"Japan\",\"79\":\"Jordan\",\"80\":\"Kazakhstan\",\"81\":\"Kenya\",\"82\":\"Kuwait\",\"83\":\"Kyrgyzstan\",\"84\":\"Lao People's Democratic Republic\",\"85\":\"Latvia\",\"86\":\"Lebanon\",\"87\":\"Lesotho\",\"88\":\"Liberia\",\"90\":\"Liechtenstein\",\"91\":\"Lithuania\",\"92\":\"Luxembourg\",\"93\":\"Macedonia\",\"94\":\"Madagascar\",\"95\":\"Malawi\",\"96\":\"Malaysia\",\"97\":\"Maldives\",\"98\":\"Mali\",\"99\":\"Malta\",\"100\":\"Mauritania\",\"101\":\"Mexico\",\"102\":\"Moldova\",\"103\":\"Monaco\",\"104\":\"Mongolia\",\"105\":\"Morocco\",\"106\":\"Mozambique\",\"107\":\"Namibia\",\"108\":\"Nepal\",\"109\":\"Netherlands\",\"110\":\"Netherlands Antilles\",\"111\":\"New Zealand\",\"112\":\"Nicaragua\",\"113\":\"Niger\",\"114\":\"Nigeria\",\"116\":\"Norway\",\"117\":\"Oman\",\"118\":\"Pakistan\",\"119\":\"Panama\",\"120\":\"Paraguay\",\"121\":\"Peru\",\"122\":\"Philippines\",\"123\":\"Poland\",\"124\":\"Portugal\",\"126\":\"Qatar\",\"127\":\"Reunion\",\"128\":\"Romania\",\"129\":\"Russia\",\"130\":\"Rwanda\",\"132\":\"Samoa (Independent)\",\"133\":\"Saudi Arabia\",\"134\":\"Senegal\",\"135\":\"Seychelles\",\"136\":\"Sierra Leone\",\"137\":\"Singapore\",\"138\":\"Slovakia\",\"139\":\"Slovenia\",\"140\":\"Somalia\",\"141\":\"South Africa\",\"142\":\"South Korea\",\"143\":\"Spain\",\"144\":\"Sri Lanka\",\"146\":\"Suriname\",\"147\":\"Swaziland\",\"148\":\"Sweden\",\"149\":\"Switzerland\",\"152\":\"Taiwan\",\"153\":\"Tanzania\",\"154\":\"Thailand\",\"155\":\"Togo\",\"156\":\"Tunisia\",\"157\":\"Turkiye\",\"158\":\"Turkmenistan\",\"159\":\"Uganda\",\"161\":\"Ukraine\",\"162\":\"United Arab Emirates\",\"163\":\"Uruguay\",\"164\":\"USA\",\"165\":\"Uzbekistan\",\"166\":\"Vatican City State (Holy See)\",\"167\":\"Venezuela\",\"168\":\"Vietnam\",\"169\":\"Virgin Islands (British)\",\"170\":\"Yemen\",\"173\":\"Zambia\",\"174\":\"Zimbabwe\",\"175\":\"Antigua And Barbuda\",\"176\":\"Anguilla\",\"178\":\"American Samoa\",\"179\":\"Aruba\",\"180\":\"Brunei Darussalam\",\"181\":\"Bouvet Island\",\"183\":\"Cook Islands\",\"185\":\"Christmas Island\",\"187\":\"Dominican Republic\",\"188\":\"Western Sahara\",\"189\":\"Falkland Islands\",\"191\":\"Faroe Islands\",\"192\":\"Grenada\",\"193\":\"French Guiana\",\"194\":\"Gibraltar\",\"195\":\"Greenland\",\"196\":\"Guadeloupe\",\"198\":\"Guatemala\",\"200\":\"Haiti\",\"202\":\"Jamaica\",\"203\":\"Kiribati\",\"204\":\"Comoros\",\"205\":\"Saint Kitts and Nevis\",\"206\":\"Saint Lucia\",\"207\":\"Marshall Islands\",\"208\":\"Macau\",\"210\":\"Martinique\",\"212\":\"Mauritius\",\"213\":\"New Caledonia\",\"214\":\"Norfolk Island\",\"215\":\"Nauru\",\"217\":\"Niue\",\"219\":\"Papua New Guinea\",\"221\":\"Pitcairn\",\"222\":\"Palau\",\"223\":\"Solomon Islands\",\"225\":\"Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands\",\"227\":\"San Marino\",\"232\":\"Tonga\",\"233\":\"Timor-Leste\",\"234\":\"Trinidad and Tobago\",\"235\":\"Tuvalu\",\"237\":\"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\",\"238\":\"Virgin Islands (U.S.)\",\"239\":\"Vanuatu\",\"241\":\"Mayotte\",\"242\":\"Myanmar\",\"255\":\"Sao Tome and Principe\",\"257\":\"South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands\",\"260\":\"Tajikistan\",\"262\":\"United Kingdom\",\"268\":\"Costa Rica\",\"270\":\"Guernsey\",\"272\":\"North Korea\",\"274\":\"Afghanistan\",\"275\":\"Cote D'Ivoire\",\"276\":\"Cuba\",\"277\":\"French Polynesia\",\"278\":\"Iran\",\"279\":\"Iraq\",\"281\":\"Libya\",\"282\":\"Palestine\",\"285\":\"Syria\",\"286\":\"Aaland Islands\",\"287\":\"Turks &#038; Caicos Islands\",\"288\":\"Jersey  (Channel Islands)\",\"289\":\"Dominica\",\"290\":\"Montenegro\",\"293\":\"Sudan\",\"294\":\"Montserrat\",\"298\":\"Curacao\",\"302\":\"Sint Maarten\",\"311\":\"South Sudan\",\"315\":\"Republic of Kosovo\",\"318\":\"Congo, Democratic Republic of the\",\"323\":\"Isle of Man\",\"324\":\"Saint Martin\",\"325\":\"Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and Saba\",\"326\":\"Serbia\"},\"defaultcountry\":164},\"PHONE\":{\"name\":\"PHONE\",\"label\":\"Num\u00e9ro de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"phone\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"Num\u00e9ro de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone\",\"phoneformat\":\"none\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":4},\"MMERGE6\":{\"name\":\"MMERGE6\",\"label\":\"LAST_CHANGED\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"date\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"LAST_CHANGED\",\"dateformat\":\"MM\/DD\/YYYY\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":6},\"PMPLEVELID\":{\"name\":\"PMPLEVELID\",\"label\":\"PMPLEVELID\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"number\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"PMPLEVELID\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":8},\"PMPALLIDS\":{\"name\":\"PMPALLIDS\",\"label\":\"PMPALLIDS\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"text\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"PMPALLIDS\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":9},\"PMPLEVEL\":{\"name\":\"PMPLEVEL\",\"label\":\"PMPLEVEL\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"text\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"PMPLEVEL\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":10},\"MMERGE11\":{\"name\":\"MMERGE11\",\"label\":\"LAST_CHANGED\",\"helper_text\":\"\",\"type\":\"date\",\"required\":false,\"audience_field_name\":\"LAST_CHANGED\",\"dateformat\":\"MM\/DD\/YYYY\",\"enabled\":false,\"order\":null,\"field_type\":\"merge\",\"merge_id\":11}}).find(function(f) { return f.name === fieldName &#038;&#038; f.type === 'smsphone'; });\n        var isRequired = smsField ? smsField.required : false;\n        var shouldAppendCountryCode = smsNotRequiredRemoveCountryCodeEnabled ? isRequired : true;\n        \n        var phoneInput = document.querySelector('#mce-' + fieldName);\n        if (phoneInput &#038;&#038; selectedProgram.countryCallingCode &#038;&#038; shouldAppendCountryCode) {\n          phoneInput.value = selectedProgram.countryCallingCode;\n        }\n        \n        \n        updateSmsLegalText(selectedCountry, fieldName);\n        updatePlaceholder(selectedCountry, fieldName);\n        updateCountryCodeInstruction(selectedCountry, fieldName);\n      });\n    }\n\n    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\n      const smsPhoneFields = document.querySelectorAll('[id^=\"country-select-\"]');\n      \n      smsPhoneFields.forEach(function(dropdown) {\n        const fieldName = dropdown?.id.replace('country-select-', '');\n        initializeSmsPhoneDropdown(fieldName);\n      });\n    });\n    <\/script><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"un-role-contre-les-maladies-cardio-vasculaires\">Un r\u00f4le contre les maladies cardio-vasculaires<\/h3>\n<p>Ensuite, en ralentissant la formation de la plaque d&rsquo;ath\u00e9rome et en emp\u00eachant la cr\u00e9ation de caillots sanguins, la vitamine E pourrait <strong>contrer la survenue de crises cardiaques et d&rsquo;accidents vasculaires c\u00e9r\u00e9braux<\/strong>. Elle diminuerait ainsi les processus inflammatoires li\u00e9s aux maladies cardiaques et favoriserait l&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9vation du taux de bon cholest\u00e9rol (HDL), permettant ainsi une diminution de 25% du risque de maladies cardio-vasculaires.<\/p>\n<p>Attention toutefois, <strong>ces donn\u00e9es restent \u00e0 prendre avec des pincettes<\/strong>, car beaucoup de facteurs rendent les r\u00e9sultats pour le moment trop incertains. La dose, les sujets choisis lors des tests, et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de coupler la vitamine E avec d&rsquo;autres micronutriments, rendent les conclusions pour le moment peu pr\u00e9cises.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"un-role-contre-les-douleurs-menstruelles\">Un r\u00f4le contre les douleurs menstruelles<\/h3>\n<p>La vitamine E jouerait \u00e9galement un r\u00f4le dans les r\u00e8gles douloureuses.<\/p>\n<p>Des doses de 200 UI \u00e0 400 UI par jour pendant 5 jours, en commen\u00e7ant 2 jours avant les menstruations, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15777446\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ont r\u00e9duit la dur\u00e9e et l\u2019intensit\u00e9 des douleurs menstruelles d\u2019un groupe d\u2019adolescentes lors de tests men\u00e9s<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>A titre d&rsquo;information, 200 UI de Vitamine E correspondent \u00e0 143mg.<\/p>\n<p>Des doses de 400 UI par jour, administr\u00e9es selon les m\u00eame modalit\u00e9s dans une autre \u00e9tude, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19114966\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ont aussi att\u00e9nu\u00e9 les sympt\u00f4mes de femmes souffrant de migraines menstruelles<\/a>. La vitamine E pourrait \u00e9galement <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;list_uids=6350402&amp;dopt=Abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">soulager les sympt\u00f4mes du syndrome pr\u00e9menstruel<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"la-vitamine-e-contre-le-cancer\">La vitamine E contre le cancer<\/h3>\n<p>Enfin, il se peut que la vitamine E joue un r\u00f4le d&rsquo;agent antioxydant protecteur des membranes cellulaires, notamment celle apport\u00e9e par les aliments. Elle aurait ainsi une action dans la pr\u00e9vention de certains cancers (poumons, estomac).<\/p>\n<p>Pour l&rsquo;heure, les r\u00e9sultats des \u00e9tudes cliniques li\u00e9es \u00e0 une action anti-canc\u00e9reuse de la vitamine E sont plut\u00f4t d\u00e9cevants. Objectivement, rien ne prouve que la vitamine E soit un moyen efficace de r\u00e9duire les risques de cancer.<\/p>\n<p>Toutefois, la communaut\u00e9 scientifique s&rsquo;int\u00e9resse de plus en plus aux tocotrienols, des compos\u00e9s moins connus de la vitamine E, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20823492\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mais qui auraient une activit\u00e9 antioxydante beaucoup plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e que celles des tocoph\u00e9rols<\/a>, \u00e0 condition d&rsquo;\u00eatre associ\u00e9s \u00e0 d&rsquo;autres agents.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"top-des-aliments-riches-en-vitamine-e\">Top des aliments riches en vitamine E<\/h2>\n<p>Le corps absorbe mieux la forme naturelle de la vitamine E que la forme synth\u00e9tique. Il existe une controverse au sujet du facteur d\u2019\u00e9quivalence entre ces 2 formes, et certains praticiens recommandent <strong>d&rsquo;avoir recours exclusivement aux suppl\u00e9ments qui se pr\u00e9sentent sous une forme naturelle<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7a tombe bien, la plupart des gens peuvent obtenir un apport suffisant en vitamine E gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 leurs choix alimentaires. Le risque d\u2019une carence grave en vitamine E est tr\u00e8s faible dans les pays d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Dans la mesure o\u00f9 vous consommez une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019aliments riches en antioxydants comme les fruits et les <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/regime-mediterraneen-legumes\/\">l\u00e9gumes<\/a>, les grains entiers, ainsi qu\u2019une quantit\u00e9 mod\u00e9r\u00e9e de gras non satur\u00e9 provenant d\u2019huiles v\u00e9g\u00e9tales, du poisson, de noix et de graines, vous devriez avoir un apport quotidien suffisant en vitamine E.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9508 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/brazil-vitamine-e-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"679\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/brazil-vitamine-e-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/brazil-vitamine-e-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/brazil-vitamine-e-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/brazil-vitamine-e-389x258.jpg 389w, https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/brazil-vitamine-e-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/brazil-vitamine-e-272x182.jpg 272w, https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/brazil-vitamine-e.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>C&rsquo;est particuli\u00e8rement le cas dans les r\u00e9gimes \u00e9quilibr\u00e9s entre les trois macro-nutriments, ou encore les r\u00e9gimes <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/guide-cetogene-low-carb\/\">low-carb high-fat<\/a> au tout simplement mod\u00e9r\u00e9s en <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/glucides\/\">glucides<\/a>, tel que nous le recommandons dans ce guide.<\/p>\n<p>En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, les noix, les graines, les huiles v\u00e9g\u00e9tales et, dans une moindre mesure, les l\u00e9gumes \u00e0 feuilles vertes sont de bonnes sources de vitamine E.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Huile de germe de bl\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>Amandes<\/li>\n<li>Graines de tournesol<\/li>\n<li>Noisettes, avelines non blanchies, r\u00f4ties \u00e0 sec<\/li>\n<li>Huile de tournesol, carthame, d&rsquo;arachide, d&rsquo;olive, de colza ou de ma\u00efs<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/regime-mediterraneen-cereales\/\">C\u00e9r\u00e9ales<\/a> au son<\/li>\n<li>Pignons de pin<\/li>\n<li>Noix du Br\u00e9sil s\u00e9ch\u00e9es<\/li>\n<li>Son de ma\u00efs ou de bl\u00e9, brut<\/li>\n<li>Avocat<\/li>\n<li>Sardines<\/li>\n<li>Asperges, \u00e9pinards<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"apports-recommandes-et-besoins-en-vitamine-e\">Apports recommand\u00e9s et besoins en vitamine E<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;apport nutritionnel recommand\u00e9 (ANR) en vitamine E, oscille entre 9,9 et \u00e0 15,5 mg d&rsquo;alpha-tocoph\u00e9rol (la forme naturelle) par jour, selon que l&rsquo;on est une femme ou un homme. Mais cela peut repr\u00e9senter bien plus pour les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es. Au-del\u00e0 de 75 ans, il est recommand\u00e9 d&rsquo;en consommer 20 \u00e0 50 mg \/ jour. Toujours dans sa forme naturelle (alpha-tocoph\u00e9rol).<\/p>\n<p>Les v\u00e9ritables carences \u00e0 proprement parler sont rares, mais pour \u00eatre s\u00fbr de combler les besoins en vitamine E de l&rsquo;organisme, <strong>il suffirait simplement d&rsquo;augmenter sa consommation de graines et de noix riches en vitamine E, ainsi que de bonnes <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/lipides\/\">graisses<\/a> de mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale<\/strong>. Cela vaut particuli\u00e8rement pour ceux qui suivent un r\u00e9gime tr\u00e8s pauvre en mati\u00e8res grasses.<\/p>\n<p>Les autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes recommandent de ne pas d\u00e9passer une consommation de 62 mg de vitamine E par jour chez l&rsquo;adulte.<\/p>\n<p>Dans l&rsquo;organisme, la vitamine E agit en synergie avec la vitamine C, le <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/selenium\/\">s\u00e9l\u00e9nium<\/a> ou encore le <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/zinc\/\">zinc<\/a> pour offrir un effet antioxydant optimal.<\/p>\n<p>Mais attention. Plus la consommation en acide gras insatur\u00e9s (Om\u00e9ga 3, 6 et 9) est importante et plus l&rsquo;apport en vitamine E doit \u00eatre cons\u00e9quent afin de les prot\u00e9ger de l&rsquo;oxydation \u00e0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur de l&rsquo;organisme !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"en-conclusion-sur-la-vitamine-e\">En conclusion sur la vitamine E<\/h2>\n<p>La vitamine E semble avoir des effets positifs sur l&rsquo;organisme, mais <strong>dans sa forme naturelle<\/strong>, au sein d&rsquo;une alimentation riche, et <strong>en concomitance avec d&rsquo;autres substances<\/strong>, comme la vitamine C par exemple.<\/p>\n<p>Son principal effet positif est <strong>son r\u00f4le antioxydant<\/strong>. L&rsquo;apport nutritionnel recommand\u00e9 (ANR) en vitamine E pour les adultes va jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 15 mg (22,5 UI) par jour.<\/p>\n<p>En bref, la vitamine E est donc une vitamine certes <strong>indispensable<\/strong>, mais dans le cadre d&rsquo;une alimentation relativement \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e, suffisamment riche en lipides, l&rsquo;organisme ne risque pas d&rsquo;en manquer, et son action sera facilit\u00e9e car sa consommation se fera avec d&rsquo;autres vitamines.<\/p>\n<p>Par cons\u00e9quent, <strong>nul besoin de se suppl\u00e9menter en vitamine E lorsque vous suivez une alimentation riche en lipides, ou au moins \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e entre lipides, glucides et prot\u00e9ines<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Pour l&rsquo;heure, les recherches li\u00e9es \u00e0 cette vitamine n&rsquo;ont pas donn\u00e9 de r\u00e9sultats probants quant \u00e0 une consommation excessive, surtout lorsque celle-ci est faite de mani\u00e8re isol\u00e9e. Il ne faut donc pas en consommer en exc\u00e8s, sauf indication m\u00e9dicale.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Chapitre suivant : <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/vitamine-k\/\">la vitamine K<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em><br \/>\n<em><strong>Chapitre pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent : <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/vitamine-d\/\">la vitamine D<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"bloon-3657019675\" class=\"bloon-apres-le-contenu-2 bloon-entity-placement\"><div style=\"max-width: 900px; margin: 60px auto; padding: 60px 40px; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e8f5e9 0%, #f0faf0 100%); border-radius: 24px; box-shadow: 0 10px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); text-align: center;\">\r\n  <h2 style=\"font-size: 2.6em; color: #28a745; margin-bottom: 30px; font-weight: 800; text-transform: uppercase;\">\r\n    Nouveau : les Programmes Acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9s Blooness\r\n  <\/h2>\r\n  \r\n  <p style=\"font-size: 1.5em; color: #333; max-width: 800px; margin: 0 auto 40px; line-height: 1.6;\">\r\n    Pour des <strong>r\u00e9sultats rapides<\/strong> si vous cherchez \u00e0<br>\r\n    <strong>perdre du gras durablement<\/strong>,<br>\r\n    <strong>retrouver une \u00e9nergie stable toute la journ\u00e9e<\/strong>,<br>\r\n    et <strong>\u00e9loigner les maladies chroniques<\/strong>.\r\n  <\/p>\r\n  \r\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/blooness.com\/programmes\/\" \r\n     style=\"display: inline-block; background: #ff4757; color: white; padding: 22px 60px; border-radius: 50px; font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(255,71,87,0.4); transition: all 0.3s;\">\r\n    D\u00e9couvrir les Programmes (67\u20ac \u00e0 vie) \u2192\r\n  <\/a>\r\n  \r\n  <p style=\"margin-top: 30px; font-size: 1.2em; color: #666;\">\r\n    Acc\u00e8s imm\u00e9diat au Guide premium + tous les programmes actuels et futurs<br>\r\n    <strong>Tarif fondateur limit\u00e9 \u2013 passera bient\u00f4t \u00e0 97\u20ac<\/strong>\r\n  <\/p>\r\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A quoi sert la vitamine E ? A-t-on besoin de se suppl\u00e9menter ? Dans quoi la trouve-t-on, et quels sont nos besoins en vitamine E ? Ce sont ces questions auxquelles nous allons r\u00e9pondre dans cet article. D\u00e9finition de la Vitamine E La vitamine E est, \u00e0 l&rsquo;instar des vitamines A, D et K, une [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9507,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2201,2195,2142],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9502","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-les-vitamines","category-micronutriments","category-tome1-cours-nutrition","pmpro-has-access"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/avocado-vitamine-e-1024x682.jpg","blog_images":{"medium":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/avocado-vitamine-e-300x200.jpg","large":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/avocado-vitamine-e-1024x682.jpg"},"ams_acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9502","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9502"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9502\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19877,"href":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9502\/revisions\/19877"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9507"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9502"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9502"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blooness.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9502"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}